Short answerDry ice is −109.3°F (−78.5°C) at normal atmospheric pressure, according to the Compressed Gas Association. At room pressure it does not melt into a liquid; it turns straight into carbon dioxide gas.
Why it skips the liquid stage
Carbon dioxide can only exist as a liquid above its triple point: −69.9°F (−56.6°C) at a pressure of 60.4 psig, per the CGA. Below that pressure, which includes normal air pressure, it is either a solid or a gas. That is why dry ice “smokes” instead of leaving a puddle.
What that temperature means for you
- It can freeze skin on contact. The CGA says to use protective gloves such as work gloves, or ice tongs, and never handle it bare-handed.
- It needs insulation. The CGA says dry ice must be protected with thermal insulation to slow the loss from sublimation.
- It produces a lot of gas. Carbon dioxide gas is about 1.5 times heavier than air, so ventilation matters, especially in small rooms and vehicles.
Never seal it in
As it warms, dry ice keeps turning into gas. The CGA says never to store or transport it in an airtight container. Cayman Dry Ice warns that it can expand and create an explosion hazard if stored in an airtight container.
How long it lasts at that temperature
Because it is so much colder than its surroundings, dry ice shrinks steadily even in a good cooler. See our guide for how much to buy for the days you need.
Sources (checked October 29, 2026)
- Compressed Gas Association: Dry Ice Safety (SP-15)
- Compressed Gas Association: Carbon Dioxide Safety
- Cayman Dry Ice (Ann Arbor, MI): Dry Ice Pellets
General guidance, not professional safety advice. Follow your supplier’s and carrier’s instructions.